ORLANDO, Fla. -- The seeds of World War 1 are sown on June 28, 1914, when Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie are gunned down in Sarajevo.
Here is a synopsis of what occurred as described in Wikipedia for the date of the 28 of June 1914: Gavrilo Princip was one of a group of six assassins (five Serbs and one Bosniak) coordinated by Danilo Ilić, a Bosnian Serb and a member of the Black Hand secret society. The political objective of the assassination was to break off Austria-Hungary's South Slav provinces so they could be combined into a Yugoslavia. The assassins' motives were consistent with the movement that later became known as Young Bosnia.
The assassination led directly to the First World War when Austria-Hungary subsequently issued an ultimatum to the Kingdom of Serbia, which was partially rejected. Austria-Hungary then declared war, triggering actions leading to war between most European states.
In charge of these Serbian military conspirators was Chief of Serbian Military Intelligence Dragutin Dimitrijević, his right-hand man Major Vojislav Tankosić, and the spy Rade Malobabić. Tankosić armed the assassins with bombs and pistols and trained them. The assassins were given access to the same clandestine network of safe-houses and agents that Malobabić used for the infiltration of weapons and operatives into Austria-Hungary.
The assassins, the key members of the clandestine network, and the key Serbian military conspirators who were still alive were arrested, tried, convicted and punished. Those who were arrested in Bosnia were tried in Sarajevo in October 1914. The other conspirators were arrested and tried before a Serbian court on the French-controlled Salonika Front in 1916–1917 on unrelated false charges; Serbia executed three of the top military conspirators. Much of what is known about the assassinations comes from these two trials and related records.
Fast Forward to today: Gavrilo Princip's weapon, along with the car in which the Archduke was riding, his bloodstained uniform and the chaise longue on which he died, are on permanent display in the Heeresgeschichtliches Museum in Vienna, Austria. The bullet fired by Gavrilo Princip, sometimes referred to as "the bullet that started World War I," is a museum exhibit in the Konopiště Castle near the town of Benešov in the Czech Republic.
Key Events in History on June 28:
June 28 is the 179th day of the year (180th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 186 days remaining until the end of the year. This date is slightly more likely to fall on a Tuesday, Thursday or Sunday (58 in 400 years each) than on Friday or Saturday (57), and slightly less likely to occur on a Monday or Wednesday (56).
In common years it is always in ISO week 26. This date is the only date each year where both the month and day are different perfect numbers, June 6 being the only date where the month and day are the same perfect number.
- 572 – Assassination of Alboin, King of the Lombards.
- 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul.
- 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II.
- 1461 – Edward IV is crowned King of England.
- 1519 – Charles V is elected Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
- 1651 – The Battle of Berestechko between Poland and Ukraine starts.
- 1709 – Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava.
- 1776 – Thomas Hickey, Continental Army private and bodyguard to General George Washington, is hanged for mutiny and sedition.
- 1846 – Adolphe Sax patents the saxophone.
- 1859 – The first conformation dog show is held in Newcastle upon Tyne, England.
- 1881 – The Austro–Serbian Alliance of 1881 is secretly signed.
- 1894 – Labor Day becomes an official US holiday.
- 1914 – Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie are assassinated in Sarajevo; this is the casus belli of World War I.
- 1919 – The Treaty of Versailles is signed, ending the state of war between Germany and the Allies of World War I.
- 1921 – Serbian King Alexander I proclaims the new constitution of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, known thereafter as the Vidovdan Constitution.
- 1926 – Mercedes-Benz is formed by Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz merging their two companies.
- 1940 – Romania cedes Bessarabia (current-day Moldova) to the Soviet Union after facing an ultimatum.
- 1942 – World War II: Nazi Germany starts its strategic summer offensive against the Soviet Union, codenamed Case Blue.
- 1945 – Poland's Soviet-allied Provisional Government of National Unity is formed over a month after V-E Day.
- 1948 – The Tito–Stalin Split results in the expulsion of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia from the Cominform.
- 1950 – Korean War: Seoul is captured by North Korean troops.
- 1950 – Korean War: Suspected communist sympathizers (between as many as 100,000 to 200,000) are executed in the Bodo League massacre.
- 1950 – Korean War: North Korean Army conducts Seoul National University Hospital massacre.
- 1964 – Malcolm X forms the Organization of Afro-American Unity.
- 1969 – Stonewall riots begin in New York City, marking the start of the Gay Rights Movement.
- 1973 – Elections are held for the Northern Ireland Assembly, which will lead to power-sharing between unionists and nationalists in Northern Ireland for the first time.
- 1978 – The United States Supreme Court, in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke bars quota systems in college admissions.
- 1981 – A powerful bomb explodes in Tehran, killing 73 officials of the Islamic Republican Party.
- 1987 – For the first time in military history, a civilian population is targeted for chemical attack when Iraqi warplanes bombed the Iranian town of Sardasht.
- 1989 – On the 600th anniversary of the Battle of Kosovo, Slobodan Milošević delivers the Gazimestan speech at the site of the historic battle.
- 1997 – Holyfield–Tyson II: Mike Tyson is disqualified in the third round for biting a piece off Evander Holyfield's ear.
- 2001 – Slobodan Milošević is extradited to the ICTY in The Hague to stand trial.
- 2004 – Sovereign power is handed to the interim government of Iraq by the Coalition Provisional Authority, ending the U.S.-led rule of that nation.
- 2009 – Honduran president Manuel Zelaya is ousted by a local military coup following a failed request to hold a referendum to rewrite the Honduran Constitution. This was the start of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis.
- 2016 – A terrorist attack in Turkey's Istanbul Atatürk Airport kills 42 people and injures more than 230 others.
Famous Births:
- 1926 – Mel Brooks, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1928 – Hans Blix, Swedish politician and diplomat, 33rd Swedish Minister of Foreign Affairs
- 1938 – Leon Panetta, American lawyer and politician, 23rd United States Secretary of Defense
- 1946 – Gilda Radner, American actress and comedian (d. 1989)
- 1957 – Mike Skinner, American race car driver
- 1957 – Jim Spanarkel, American basketball player and sportscaster
- 1960 – John Elway, American football player and manager
- 1961 – Jeff Malone, American basketball player and coach
- 1962 – Anișoara Cușmir-Stanciu, Romanian long jumper
- 1964 – Mark Grace, American baseball player and sportscaster
- 1966 – John Cusack, American actor and screenwriter
- 1966 – Mary Stuart Masterson, American actress
- 1971 – Bobby Hurley, American basketball player and coach
- 1971 – Elon Musk, South African-born American businessman
- 1981 – Brandon Phillips, American baseball player
- 1993 – Bradley Beal, American basketball player
- 2002 – Marta Kostyuk, Ukrainian tennis player
Facebook Birthdays (FB Friends of Henry Frederick):
Happy Birthday Andy Kelly!
Andy Kelly of DeLand, former Volusia County councilman, was born on June 28.
Andy Kelly, then a supervisor with the Volusia Soil & Water Conservation District ran for the district 1 seat on the Volusia County Council in 2008, against four other candidates -- former DeLand city commissioners Maureen France and Charles Paiva, veterinarian Don Kanfer and activist Jeff Davis. Kelly finished second in the Sept. 5, 2006 primary with 29.12 percent of the vote to the first-place finisher, Paiva, with 333.96 percent of the votes to force a general election runoff. The other three finishing out of the running were France with 23.14 percent, Kanfer with 8.25 percent and Davis with 5.53 percent of the votes. Kelley would win the county council seat with 9,368 votes or 51.37 percent of the overall votes cast to 9,151 votes or 48.63 percent of the vote total.
Kelley served one term and then ran for Volusia County Supervisor of Elections in 2012. But the incumbent, Ann McFall, crushed him and two others with 66.25 percent of the votes in the primary to win re-election outright by garnering more than 50 percent of the votes and avoiding a runoff. Kelly finished a distant second with 18.41 percent of the votes. Kelley ran again in 2016, but withdrew from the race shortly after qualifying.
Famous Deaths:
- 1975 – Rod Serling, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1924)
- 1978 – Clifford Dupont, English-Rhodesian lawyer and politician, 1st President of Rhodesia (b. 1905)
- 2005 – Michael P. Murphy, American lieutenant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1976)
- 2006 – Jim Baen, American publisher, founded Baen Books (b. 1943)
- 2010 – Robert Byrd, American lawyer and politician (b. 1917)
- 2015 – Jack Carter, American actor and comedian (b. 1922)
- 2016 – Pat Summitt, American women's college basketball head coach (b. 1952)
- 2016 – Buddy Ryan, American football coach (b. 1931)
Holidays and Observances:
- Christian feast day:
- Constitution Day (Ukraine);
- Earliest day on which Vardavar can fall, while August 1 is the latest; celebrated on the 14th weeks after Easter (Armenia);
- Family Day (Vietnam);
- Poznań Remembrance Day (Poland);
- Vidovdan, celebrating St. Vitus and an important day in Serbian history. (Eastern Orthodox Church).
-- Henry Frederick, Headline Surfer